Q1.What is embedded BSP?

A1. BSP is a commonly used embedded industry term implying a certain  source or else binary software package for quickly building an embedded operating system on a hardware platform.

• In Windows CE, a BSP is a collection of the following:-

1)drivers and OEM Adaptation Layers

2) hardware abstraction layers

3) BIOS files necessary to allow an operating system to boot and make the peripherals function on a board.

Q2. Are BSP’s customisable or are they fixed by the user(non rootable)?

A2. Yes they can be user designable as well.

• It enables to update the existing  drivers so that the user can specify which particular routines to be embedded in the firmware soas to match the software-hardware changes.
• Eg:- An individual on board chip may be equipped with more than one graphic card.

So in that condition the BSP designer has to equip the corresponding graphic cards with the corresponding software drivers.

Q3. Are there any extra developer tools available in the BSP?

• A3.Yes not all but some BSP developers include a toolchain inside the BSP known as root file system to configure the system during run time.
• Most of the Real time operating system developers may include aiding tools such as:-

1. Utilities
2. Templates
3. Developers assistance

• These tools encourage more and more developers to design their own BSP.

Q4. List out the primary functions of a BSP?

A4. They are as follows:-

1. Start up the processor
2. Start up the data bus
3. Start up the controller interrupt(microcontroller)
4. Ready the  clock signal
5. Ready the RAM settings
6. Arrange the segments
7. Startup the bootloader and then run it from flash memory(USB or EEPROM)

Q5. In which year was the term BSP coined it and who are the founders?

A5. The original developers were Hunter and Ready and the year was 1981 when they discovered the hardware dependent software.

• It was virtually implemented in almost all Real time Operating Systems.

Q6. What were the basic elements/standard files present within the BSP in addition to the other  files?

A6. The basic files included in one of the BSP(Wind River Board) for example are:-

1. Configuration header files(config.h)
2. The makefiles for each individual BSP
3. Boot ROM file
4. Reference target files

• Also it included these standard C library files:-

1. Primecellsio.h- TTY driver
2. Pcilomapshow.c- Shows the corresponding mapping file for the PCI driver
3. Syslib.c- the routines for system that are specific to the BSP board
4. Rominit.c – starting ROM module for the BSP board that comprises of images running from ROM

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INTRODUCTION:

1. It is a technique of burning the code into the microcontroller in the absence of an external programmer.

REQUIREMENTS:

1. Entight connection from board to pc via USB.
2. One microcontroller(PIC) already programmed with a bootloader.

INSTALLATION STEPS:

STEP 1:

• For the bootloader to operate properly we need to access  boot mode.

• Don’t let go the reset button until the activation of boot mode when the USB cable is attached to the port.

STEP 2

• Note that the required driver installation will fail due to the absence of the drivers by default, therefore we have to install them manually.

STEP 3:

• UPDATE  UNKNOWN DEVICE DRIVERS

STEP 4:

• From the given popup window select browse for drivers

STEP 5:

Enter the path to where the corresponding drivers can be found in directory path and after that click install.

STEP 6:

STEP 7:

• Now we can view the microchip device from the device manager settings under all settings tab.

VECTOR MAPPING:

• Writing code for a bootloader is quite analogous to what we used to perform  in cases except for some slight variations.
• The main difference comes where the user program starts from the address 0x800.
• Therefore  the address of the reset vector should be at 0x800.
• Normally , reset is in position 0x00 and the interrupt vectors are in 0x08 and 0x18, therefore they have to be remapped.

PROCEDURE:

• You have  to set the code offset as 0x800 for the project to be compiled.
• For that that,  project properties ->xc8 linker.
• Then from the Options Categories  menu, click on  Additional options.
• Finally add  800 corresponding to the displayed  code offset box.

BURNING NEW PROGRAMS USING BOOTLOADER:

• Initially Boot into bootloader mode by pressing the reset key without leaving it   via connecting the USB cable until boot menu shows up.
• Next click on the PDFUSB.exe file  from the Pdfusb folder.
• Afterwards select PICUSB 0 as the boot  device.
• Finally dump the hex file via button.
• Suppose the loaded code starts from a random memory than 0x800,  you will need to put an extra line to your created hex file.
• Observe that the text circled in red  is 4262E20, which points to the starting address.

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Embedded binaries are binary files, it is  copied to your application clump when you are going to build the project. By using embedded binaries you can make like, your application depend on third-party frameworks so people can use your application without required those frameworks installed on their machine. It is  keep users from having to manually install third-party frameworks. Your application used the framework of your embedded.

In your Alamo fire example your application is relied on Alamo fire. If you haven’t been embed the Alamo fire framework, no one would be allowed  to use your application unless they installed Alamo fire manually. By embedding Alamo fire with your application everybody can run your application.

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Embedded System is not a specific type of system. It can be part of any small or big system and its act like a brain of that system. it vary from each other in different ways. It is  very much in use in our daily life. They can range from a simple Digital Clock, or washing machine or calculator or a wireless network adapter to a mobile phone. They can be very small as in medical systems or very big as in satellites or projectile systems.

A generic block diagram could be thought of as something like this:

The above diagram is just example block diagram of embedded system for the application of digital thermostat.

While you are going to make a block diagram. You should remember all those things(input unit,output unit, controlling part, memory etc..)

In below i mentioned what are the input unit and output units and controlling units.

• Keypad- input
• Processor/controller – control part
• Display-output
• ADC-input
• Thermostat circuit- input
• Heater /ac control – output

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• From the user input the file name or path and the specific line number user want delete from file.Here filename is “data.txt” and ‘deleteline’is variable which store line number entered by user.

The file is opened in read mode.

• Created the file name ‘Copyfile”   and open in write mode.
• To keep the track of current line temporary variable is used and at starting it initialized as temp=0;
• Read the data from the file which is in  read mode .
• If the current line is not equal to the delete line then copy the the data to file which is in write mode.
• Temp variable is incremented. (temp++);

• The above three steps are repeated till end of file(EOF);
• Once all data is read and copied from file close both the files(fclose)
• At last read the file where  the data was copied.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main(void)

{

    FILE *fp,*fp1;//fp and fp1 are file pointers;

    char ch;

    char filename[100];

    int temp,deleteline;

fp=fopen(“data.tax”,”r”);

if(fp!=NULL)

    {

            printf(“file is opened \n”);

    }

    else

    {

            printf(“file is not opened \n”);

    }

    while(ch!=EOF)

    {

            ch=fgetc(fp);

            printf(“%c”,ch);

    }

    printf(“enter the line you want to delete\n”);

    scanf(“%d”,&deleteline);

    fp1=fopen(“copyfile2.c”,”w”);

    ch=fgetc(fp);

    while(ch !=EOF)

    {

while(ch !=EOF)

    {

            ch=fgetc(fp);

            if(ch==’\n’)

            {

                    temp++;

                    if(temp!=deleteline)

                    {

                            fputc(ch,fp1);

                    }

            }

    }

    fclose(fp);

    fclose(fp1);

    fp=fopen(“copyfile2.c”,”r”);

    while(ch!=EOF)

    {

            ch=fgetc(fp);

            printf(“%c”,ch);

    }

    fclose(fp);

    return 0;

}

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Professional Training Institute is one of the top Embedded System training Institute in Bangalore, Our unique training practical based training approach makes every student as knowledgeable and experienced. Our student Practical hands on training in Embedded system makes student employable. And also till now are having 100% placement records in our Embedded system.

INTRODUCTION:

• Embedded C is necessarily an extended version of C.It is required to suit the modern embedded applications such that the programming hassle free, optimizable  and time efficient in producing an executable code (hex format dumped into microcontroller).

Fig 1. A typical example of c console for ATM banking options

About us:Professional Training Institute is one of the top Embedded System training Institute in Bangalore, Our unique training practical based training approach makes every student as knowledgeable and experienced. Our student Practical hands on training in Embedded system makes student employable. And also till now are having 100% placement records in our Embedded system.